Italian Renaissance (800 words) Essay Example For Students

Italian Renaissance (800 words) Essay Italian RenaissanceAs the fourteenth century guided out the Middle Ages in Italy, another period ofcultural blooming started, known as the Renaissance. This period in history wasfamous for its restoration of old style topics and the converging of these subjects withthe Catholic Church. These topics of humanism, naturalism, individualism,classicism, and learning and reason showed up in each part of the ItalianRenaissance, most especially in its specialty. Humanism can be characterized as the ideathat people are the essential proportion of all things (Fleming, 29). Renaissance craftsmanship indicated a reestablished enthusiasm for man who was delineated in Renaissanceart as the focal point of the world. Pico della Mirandola said that, there isnothing to be seen more great than man. (Fleming, 284) This couldalmost be taken as an aphorism for Renaissance craftsmanship. Michelangelos David clearlysupports Mirandolas proclamation. Since Renaissance craftsmanship concentrated on representingtangible, human figures, instead of portraying scenes from the Bible all together topraise God, the craftsmen needed to think in progressively regular, logical terms. Artistsbecame acquainted with arithmetic and the idea of room, just as life structures. Lorenzo Ghiberti examined the anatomical extents of the body, FilippoBrunelleschi was keen on science in design, Leone BattistaAlberti, who was talented in painting, model and engineering, focused on thestudy of arithmetic as the fundamental guideline of expressions of the human experience (Fleming, 285). Leonardo likewise took a gander at the geometric extents of the human body (Calder,197). In painting, however particularly in design, craftsmen were motivated to expressthe basic types of the body underneath its outside appearance. Theiranatomical examines opened the path to the demonstrating and the developments of the humanbody. In painting, naturalism implied a progressively sensible portrayal of everydayobjects. In Fra Angelicos Annunciation, he shows a precise generation ofTuscan plant science (Wallace, 237). Likewise, the idea of room was significant. Inpainting, figures were set in an increasingly typical relationship to the space theyoccupied. Human figures would in general become progressively close to home and person. Threeclear instances of that are Donatellos David, and Leonardos Mona Lisa and LastSupper, in which the twelve distinct articulations of the messengers were appeared. Each sculpture, each picture was a unique individual who made a profoundimpression. Mary and the blessed messenger Gabriel turned out to be human in Fra AngelicosMadonna (Wallace, 45). In any event, when set in a gathering, each individual figurestood out independently, as in Boticellis Adoration of the Magi. One type of artrepresenting the individual was the picture. Well off families and individualscommissioned specialists to make sculptures and works of art. High respect for individualpersonality is exhibited in the number and nature of representations painted atthis time (Flemming, 286). Italian Renaissance humanism were inspired by arediscovery of the estimations of Greco-Roman development. A model ofarchitectural recovery is Bramantes Tempietto, a little sanctuary manufactured where St. Dwindle is said to have been executed. Bramante later got an opportunity to expand on amuch more prominent scope: St. Subsides Basilica. Unmistakably utilizing traditional civilizationsas his model Bramante said of St. Diminishes, I will put the Pantheon ontop of the Basilica of Constantine. (Flemming, 309-310) Other architectswent back to the focal sort places of worship displayed on the Pantheon, as opposed to therectangular basilica that had developed throughout the hundreds of years. They restored classicalorders and diagrams. Enriching themes were determined legitimately formancient sacophagi, reliefs, and cut pearls. Stone carvers returned to thepossibilities of the bare. Painters, be that as it may, didnt have the classicalreferences that stone workers had, so they utilized legendary subjects. With all ofthe considering and learning of craftsmanship in the Renaissance, it would be of littlewonder that the subject of a portion of the workmanship was learning itself. The most fa mousexample of this is Raphaels School of Athens. Raphael, alongside Michelangelo,was put in the work of art among the positions of craftsman researchers. As individuals from aphilosophical hover aim on accommodating the perspectives on Plato and Aristotle,Raphael and his companions contemplated that Plato and Aristotle were stating the samething in various words. The two rationalists were set on either side of thecentral. On Platos side, there was a sculpture of Apollo, the divine force of verse. OnAristotles side there was one of Athena, goddess of reason. Spreading outwardon either side were bunches relating to the different schools of thoughtwithin the two significant divisions (Barrett, 87). Regardless of what topic of theItalian Renaissance is named, there is in every case some case of a correspondingart appearance of it. For humanism it was David, for naturalism it wasAnnunciation, for independence, it was The Last Supper, for elegance, it wasSt. Subsides Basilica, and for le arning and reason, it was The School of Athens. .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .postImageUrl , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:hover , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:visited , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:active { border:0!important; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:active , .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:hover { darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061 d76b4e60f528b .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u87b3dd9b27ad3433061d76b4e60f528b:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Utilizing Solution Focused Brief Therapy with Domestic Violence Survivors EssayIt was these subjects, which commanded each other part of the Renaissance, thatdominated the creative angle. BibliographyBarrett, Maurice. Raphael. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1965 Calder, Ritchie. Leonardoand the Age of the Eye. New York: Simon, 1970 Coughlan, Robert. The World ofMichelangelo: 1475-1564. New York: Time-Life, 1966 Flemming, William. Expressions andIdeas. Fortification Worth: Harcourt, 1995 Walace, Robert. Fra Anglelico and His Work. Chicago: Williamson, 1966

Effects Of Superstition Essays - Luck, Black Cat, Superstition

Impacts Of Superstition Everybody has at any rate one notion that they follow, regardless of whether they will let it be known or not. Regardless of whether it's from a specific religion, or a legend went down from their precursors. It's in our human instinct to think of something to have faith in, anyway dark and strange it might be. Huge numbers of these notions can significantly influence an individual's life. Taking a gander at the accompanying models will show what impacts can emerge out of attempting to remain on the great side of the powerful. Friday the thirteenth is thought of as the most unfortunate day of the year. A few people pay attention to it so they build up a grim nonsensical dread called Paraskevidekatriaphobia. There are more than 21 million individuals influenced by this in the United States alone. Numerous individuals will abstain from driving and ships won't sail. Others won't go to work or eat in eateries, and you wouldn't set out timetable a wedding on any Friday whatsoever. Everyone thinks about Friday the thirteenth and its tale being reviled, yet some will let it impede their typical ordinary capacities. One of the more troubled and increasingly wretched notions is the conviction that a specific little, hairy creature is controlled by abhorrent spirits. Because of the shade of its hide, individuals will see a dark feline and attempt to get as distant from it as could reasonably be expected. Throughout the years individuals have made sense of specific standards that decide if contact with the feline will bring good karma or misfortune. Rules like, if a dark feline crosses their way, it will bring misfortune, except if obviously they quickly walk 12 stages in reverse. In the event that a dark feline strolls towards them, it's acceptable, on the off chance that it leaves; all the more misfortune will happen upon them. This notion can make individuals either not own a feline in light of it's shading, or in the event that they have one they should take extraordinary consideration of it. Some extremely stirred up individuals will take dark felines on evenings of full moons and particularly on Halloween. They utilize these poor animals for extraordinary penances, planning to discharge abhorrent spirits or whatever it is they think will occur. It is only pitiful to be preferential against any living thing as a result of its shading. Being offbeat doesn't mean just maintaining a strategic distance from misfortune, yet attempting to get good karma too. To do this numerous individuals will attempt to acquire certain things that as far as anyone knows have karma or may secure them somehow or another. One of the most famous of these things is the good luck charm. As the sonnet says: One leaf for popularity, One leaf for riches, Furthermore, one leaf for a reliable sweetheart, Furthermore, one leaf to bring heavenly wellbeing, Are all in a good luck charm! Individuals think having one of these plants will assist them with being effective and furthermore assist them with staying away from malicious creatures. Another lucky trinket is the horseshoe. On the off chance that an individual drapes one over an entryway its hallowed sickle shape will shield them from underhanded. There's another famous notion that can make individuals be superfluously savage to creatures. It is the confidence in the fortunate hare's foot. The most karma will come in the event that it is the left rear foot; the creature was murdered on a night with a full moon, and by a cross-peered toward individual. Despite the fact that the feet that the vast majority convey are little front feet, a huge number of individuals despite everything take them around regularly to ward away underhandedness powers. There are a great many notions, some of them crazier than others. It is difficult to follow every one of them, so why mess with any of them? In spite of the fact that there are insights out there about there being more fender benders on a Friday of the thirteenth day, that is presumably on the grounds that individuals consider it so much that they don't focus on what they should do. This can occur with any notion that is paid attention to as well. The facts demonstrate that solid faith in odd notions can effectsly affect an individual's life, however individuals make their own misfortune by giving such a great amount of consideration to them. Book reference none Folklore

How to Submit Blogger Static Pages Sitemap to Google Search Console

How to Submit Blogger Static Pages Sitemap to Google Search Console Sitemap is very important for search engine optimization. Sitemap create a file for web crawlers, as a result Googlebot get the idea about your web pages and it helps to crawl in search engine. Formerly Google Blogger user able to submit sitemap only post pages. And for submitting Post pages sitemap we use sitemap.xml file. This file containing all of your Blog posts list. But this list excluded your Blogs static pages. As well as those static pages remain invisible in your Blog feeds. For this reason we are unable to publish those static pages. Static pages also very essential part of any Blog, because it contains much important information. Most of the Blogger or webmaster creates About Us, Contact Us, Privacy Policy, Disclaimer, Terms of Service pages on Blogger static pages. As a result visitors often can visit those pages from respective Blog. If Googlebot crawl those static pages on search engine then visitors will often see those pages on search engines result pages. There is good news that Google Search Console is now started accepting sitemap for Blogs static pages. And webmaster can submit separate sitemap for Blogger static pages. I will show you how to submit sitemap for your Blogs static pages? Step #1:Go tohttps://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/home?hl=enand sign in with Gmail account Step #2:Now click on your blog to enter it to the webmaster Tools Step #3:Fromleft side click onCrawlto expend and selectSitemaps Step #4:At the top right sideclick on red colorADD/TEST SITEMAPbutton. Step #5:Now add your sitemap in the dialog that appears at once like below code http://www.bloggerspice.com/ sitemap-pages.xml You have to add only sitemap-pages.xml line for static page sitemap submission. If you wish to test your sitemap then click Test. Step #6:When the test is completed, click View test results to check for errors. Generally error may arise for spelling error or other reason, so fix your errors. And click Close test to exit from Sitemap testing page. Step #7:After you fix your errors, can again click ADD/TEST SITEMAPbutton. Write sitemap-pages.xml in the dialog that appears, and click Submit. Now you will see your sitemap has submitted in Google search console but pending for indexing. Generally it will take 12 to 24 hours to get indexed in Google search console. So please be patient and wait until indexing the static page sitemap on Google search console. How to check your sitemap? You can check your sitemap after submission. This is very easy to locate your static page sitemap. But for Blogger default and custom you can use similar system. If you are using Google hosted Domain then you can check your static page sitemap like below. Just replace bloggerspice with your Blog name. Copy the URL and directly paste it in your browsers address bar and hit the Enter key from keyboard and see the sitemap. http://bloggerspice.blogspot.com/sitemap-pages.xml For custom Blogger site you can check your sitemap like below URL. http://www.bloggerspice.com/sitemap-pages.xml Sometimes sitemap may not index. It can happen because of Custom Robots Tags. Suppose you have selected the option noindexfor specific page then Google search console wont index that page under your static page sitemap. How to Submit Blogger Static Pages Sitemap to Google Search Console? I hope this tutorial will help your Blogs static page to get better search engine visibility and rank you higher. If you need any help then feel free to leave comment below. I appreciate your feedback.

Analysis Of Lorenzo Ghibertis Genesis From TheGates Of...

In Lorenzo Ghiberti’s â€Å"Genesis from the ‘Gates of Paradise’† (c.1435)(fig.1), Giacomo Balla’s â€Å"Swifts: Paths of Movement and Dynamic Sequences† (c.1913) (fig.2) and Alexander Calder’s â€Å"Untitled† (c.1972)(fig.3) there is a theme of movement or more specifically flight. Each artwork portrays flight, however each has their own interpretation, use of medium, and innovation of their time period. Flight is a very broad term that can be defined in various ways. In the piece Swifts: Paths of Movement and Dynamic Sequences, Balla alludes to flight in the title as the â€Å"paths of movement in the title probably refer to the flight paths of swifts, while the beating of their wings are referred to as dynamic sequences†(Guggenheim). The dynamic†¦show more content†¦Balla, Ghiberti, and Calder all use different materials that make their piece unique to the category of flight and add to their effect of motion. Balla’s piece is a oil painting that is unique because the lines are layered making them seen woven into each other. Balla really used oil painting to its potential by using its ability to blend into softer tones to create the various layers of woven lines which create the dynamic movement. Ghiberti uses bronze, which is the hardest of the three materials. His bronze piece is well known around the world and has been critically acclaimed by Michelangelo. Ghiberti is able to capture flight with his minute details such as the lines that signify the air moving behind the angels making it realistic and adding to the importance of flight. In the installation Untitled, Calder positions triangular pieces that are red which contrast to the wedge-like black pieces in a natural curve giving the piece realism and balancing the positive and negative space. Because Calder used an aluminum material the mobile is light enough for air currents to move the sculpture to where it almost touches opposing walls. The various materials are a part of the artist’s interpretation and are further innovations of the theme flight. They elevate the work, and add to the dimension that is trying to be recreated. Not only do the pieces of Ghiberti, Balla, and Calder showcase flight, but they are also

The Theory Of Teaching Language Arts - 1460 Words

Unequivocally, the Vygotskian theory is the theory that is tailored to my educational beliefs. In addition, the Vygotskian theory has viable researched based strategies for reading, writing, speaking, and language development. Moreover, with Halliday’s theory of language development, these two in tandem makes for the great educational experience. Finally, Gardener’s theory of multiple intelligences is the brain based theory use for my educational beliefs. Vygotskian theory is the fundamental framework for teaching Language Arts skills to children ranging from the age of Birth to ten years old. Vygotsky states, â€Å"important learning by the child occurs through social interaction with a skillful tutor. The tutor may model behaviors and/or provide verbal instructions for the child. Vygotsky refers to this as cooperative or collaborative dialogue. The child seeks to understand the actions or instructions provided by the tutor (often the parent or teacher) then inter nalizes the information, using it to guide or regulate their own performance† (1978). In other words, teachers or parents act as role models. This strategy in the educational world is called, â€Å"Think Aloud’s.† Think Aloud’s allow students to activate stems of thinking that may not innately initiate, because a seasoned person is showing them a new system. This strategy alone targets multiple intelligences and fosters a richer educational experience for children. Let’s bring this to an example of the classroom, ifShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of Early Childhood Educators1684 Words   |  7 Pagestheorists believe to be the most effective way to teach the visual arts to young children and what role the early childhood educator plays in supporting their development. 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The Pros And Cons Of Raising The Minimum Wage - 993 Words

Although it is not a new topic in America, the decision to raise the minimum wage continues to be controversial, especially in the political realm. The political parties still move to block the opposing party from successfully implanting their ideals, causing either nothing to be accomplished or the situation to worsen. Research shows that raising the minimum wage a reasonable amount would lessen the gap between the rich and the poor, continue to fulfill its original purpose of protecting workers and keeping the economy in a healthy state, and contain more advantages with a minute influence on employment rates. The increasing gap between the upper and lower classes has been a concern for years but is now receiving more attention because†¦show more content†¦By raising the minimum wage even a few dollars would help lessen the gap and hinder its augmenting trend, according to both Hanauer and the Editorial Board. When the minimum wage was originally implicated, it had an exac t purpose: to protect the workers, assuring that the economy would operate well. â€Å"The minimum wage is a fundamental labor standard designed to protect workers, just as child labor laws and overtime pay rules do,† explains the Editorial Board. â€Å"Properly set and enforced, these standards check exploitation, pollution and speculation,† so that low wage workers are protected from those who would attempt to take advantage of them (the Editorial Board). However, the minimum wage cannot effectuate its purpose when it is too low. By looking at how the increase of labor production from the previous few decades compares to the relative stagnancy of the minimum wage, it is clear that the distance between the two is constantly augmenting. As reported by Rex Huppke, a columnist for the Chicago Tribune, the â€Å"current federal minimum wage, which hasn’t been raised since 2009, seems unreasonably low† (148). 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Implement Continuous Improvement for CRM Systems - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theImplement Continuous Improvement for CRM Systems. Answer: On conducting research on both the systems (Customer Relationship Management and POS system), it was found out that CRM systems will help companies to manage as well as analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle with a goal to bring improvement and maintain relationships with the customers and assist in customer retention and drive sale growth in the near future (Trainor et al., 2014). There are several benefits associated if companies start implementing Point of Sale system in their operations as it will improve stock control, there will be speedy checkout, fewer repairs as well as provides security and loyalty cards to the customers. Both the systems, if implemented in this retail store will benefit all of us. And I would like to personally talk about the benefits of both the systems one by one. By installing CRM software, it will be easy for us to get access of customer information as well as can be documented into a single CRM database where the business users can easily access the information and manage quite efficiently without any issue (Rahimi Kozak, 2017). By implementing POS software, the retail store would be able to conduct operations with increased efficiency. This software system help in creating detailed inventory reports as well as allows the business to manage the inventory flow smoothly as well as efficiently (Khodakarami Chan, 2014). As a team leader, I would use interactive session methods where I would mentor and coach my team members by explaining the usage of both the new systems on how effective it is to use CRM software and POS system in the retail store. There will be transparent communication where all the team members will be free to share their opinions, views and feedback so that there is no confusion about implementation of new systems (Hollensen, 2015). Firstly, I would talk to that employee who is against both the newly introduced systems. After that, I would clear that employees doubts and make him understand first that implementing these new systems will make the job easier. I will further understand his viewpoint and provide a solution to it. There will be transparent communication where I will give enough time to listen to his grievances, viewpoint and queries. If I find that he is just over thinking or acting smart just to hamper the smooth work in the retail store, then I would give him a chance to improve and make him understand the importance of CRM and POS systems individually.V I will monitor the progress on weekly basis where at the end of the week, I will review each of the team members individually and take their feedback about the newly implementing software system (CRM system and POS system). Improvements can be judged when there is positive outcome from the newly implemented systems as they are quite beneficial for this retail store (Goetsch Davis, 2014). By using CRM software, it will be easy to enhance the marketing efforts to customers at various points in the lifecycle. The progress or improvements can be easily judged by the help of CRM software (Choudhury Harrigan, 2014). The system will help in tracking all the contacts as well as follow-ups between both the sides. To start with, i would like to highlight upon the recently implemented systems and these are Customer Relationship Management Systems and POS systems. After implementing this system, I can guarantee that this retail store will enjoy increase in profits in next few years and the work will be quite easy and comfortable for the employees. With the automated results, the employees can now relax as they do not have to work manually in any of the activities or operations after implementation of these new systems. I know change management or any change in this retail store is not easy for you to accept but this is something that will benefit all of us in long run. After implementing CRM system in this retail store, it will be easy to manage relationship with the customers and this I feel will be best practice till date as we are here to maintain cordial and long lasting relationship with our customers so that they come back to this retail store for purchasing any products or services from u s. It will even help in tracking customer contact information as well as interactions that will support the business in every possible ways. With the use of POS system, it will be easy to bring improvements in the stock control as it will help this retail store to manage the stock flow smoothly and efficiently at the same time. I need some suggestions and feedback from you because I feel there is always a room for further improvement in any changes that are implemented from our side. As a team, I am open to all negative and positive feedback that should be genuine and help us to bring any kind of changes in the near future. Any problem that is faced by you during understanding this concept should be highlighted with instances that will make the whole purpose feasible and viable. After getting the feedback from the staff members, if I find out that they did not understand the new system, then I need to report to my Senior Management. Personally, I found both the new systems quite beneficial for this retail store. And for this, I will further try to demonstrate practically the usage of these systems to the staff members so that they have visual presentation in front of them and that can make them understand in an easy way. Reference List Choudhury, M. M., Harrigan, P. (2014). CRM to social CRM: the integration of new technologies into customer relationship management.Journal of Strategic Marketing,22(2), 149-176. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Khodakarami, F., Chan, Y. E. (2014). Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation.Information Management,51(1), 27-42. Rahimi, R., Kozak, M. (2017). Impact of customer relationship management on customer satisfaction: The case of a budget hotel chain.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,34(1), 40-51. Trainor, K. J., Andzulis, J. M., Rapp, A., Agnihotri, R. (2014). Social media technology usage and customer relationship performance: A capabilities-based examination of social CRM.Journal of Business Research,67(6), 1201-1208.

Zara the Technology Giant of the Fashion World free essay sample

ZARA: The technology giant of the Fashion World ZARA. Zara is the first word hitting your mind when you are thinking about fast fashion. But who is Zara? Zara is the flagship brand of the Spanish retail group Inditex SA, one of the super-heated performers in soft retail market in the recent years. Inditex welcomes shoppers at its eight store formats – Zara, Pull Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara home and Uterque. However, Zara is its main concept. The company’s history began with a small shop in La Coruna, back in 1975, and turned into a global retailer today expanding at a dizzying pace. Nowadays, Zara has about 1557 stores in 78 countries. But what led Inditex, and especially Zara to the domination of its industry? The answer is not that simple. Zara’s success is as much a result of its history and location, as its counter-intuitive business strategies. While it may not be possible for another company to exactly duplicate the conditions under which Zara grew and flourished we can certainly try and learn from its experiences, its processes and its business structure. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara the Technology Giant of the Fashion World or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What sets Zara apart from many of its competitors in terms of profits and sales, is a combination of both excellent management and marketing strategies. We can say there are three key success factors that differentiate Zara from its competition. First of all, the main advantage of Zara is the fact that it offers the latest trends of fashion in moderate prices. Everyone can buy stylish designs that resemble those of the biggest fashion houses without spending a fortune. Zara’s philosophy is to respond to new trends really quickly than setting a new trend Another advantage is that, the company has the ability to identify and catch the latest fashion trends and create products that clients want at that time ,due to its high-tech information system. Moreover, Zara can get those products onto shelves much faster and more frequently than the industry norm. For example, Zara can take a product from concept through design, manufacturing and store shelf placement in two weeks. In comparison, most retailers of comparable size or even smaller, work on timelines that stretch into 4-12 months. The third success factor is exclusivity. Zara produces smaller batches of items because of the frequency it introduces new products. This means customers can find new products in limited supplies, which means exclusivity. This is a unique benefit from a mass-market retailer and as a result it draws young fashionistas, who want to feel special, as a magnet. In combination these three factors keep the store looking fresh and desirable. This is what makes Zara so different. It is important to report that Zara has dominated the fast fashion industry by having no advertising policy. The company’s advertising accounts just 0-0. 3% of its sales while its competitors spend about 3. 5%. Zara just prefers to invest in new shops around the world and get advertised through its brand by doing no more than meeting a market need. It has achieved this without any advertising or promotion and without outsourcing its manufacturing to countries where labour is cheap. Zara’s growth is not only a combination of all the above†¦Zara’s success is rather a matter of innovation on their business model. In order to understand that we have to take a closer look at the internal processes and management procedures, starting aou with its information system.

The Middle Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt

The Middle Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt Running from the end of the first intermediate period to the start of the second, the Middle Kingdom lasted from about 2055-1650 B.C. It was composed of part of the 11th Dynasty, the 12th Dynasty, and current scholars add the first half of the 13th Dynasty. Predynastic EgyptPharaohs of the Predynastic Period, Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom Middle Kingdom Capital When 1st Intermediate Period Theban king Nebhepetra Mentuhotep II (2055-2004) reunited Egypt, the capital was at Thebes. Twelfth Dynasty king Amenemhat moved the capital to a new town, Amenemhat-itj -tawy (Itjtawy), in the Faiyum region, possibly near the necropolis at Lisht. The capital remained at Itjtawy for the rest of the Middle Kingdom. Middle Kingdom Burials During the Middle Kingdom, there were three types of burials: surface graves, with or without coffinshaft graves, usually with coffintombs with coffin and sarcophagus. Mentuhotep IIs mortuary monument was at Deir-el-Bahri in western Thebes. It was not the saff-tomb type of previous Theban rulers nor the reversion to Old Kingdom types of 12th Dynasty rulers. It had terraces and verandahs with groves of trees. It may have had a square mastaba tomb. His wives tombs were in the complex. Amenemhat II built a pyramid on a platform the White Pyramid at Dahshur. Senusret IIIs was a 60-m high mud-brick pyramid at Dashur. Acts of the Middle Kingdom Pharaohs Mentuhotep II made military campaigns in Nubia, which Egypt had lost by the 1st Intermediate Period. So did Senusret I under whom Buhen became Egypts southern border. Mentuhotep III was the first Middle Kingdom ruler to send an expedition to Punt for incense. He also built fortifications at Egypts northeastern border. Senusret instituted the practice of building of monuments at every cult site and paid attention to the cult of Osiris. Khakheperra Senusret II (1877-1870) developed the Faiyum irrigation scheme with dykes and canals. Senusret III (c.1870-1831) campaigned in Nubia and built fortresses. He (and Mentuhotep II) campaigned in Palestine. He may have gotten rid of the nomarchs who had helped cause the breakdown leading to the 1st Intermediate Period. Amenemhat III (c.1831-1786) engaged in mining operations that made heavy use of Asiatics and may have led to the settling of Hyksos in the Nile Delta. At Fayum a dam was built to channel Nile overflow into a natural lake to be used as needed for irrigation. Feudal Hierarchy of the Middle Kingdom There were still nomarchs in the Middle Kingdom, but they were no longer independent and lost power over the period. Under the pharaoh was the vizier, his chief minister, although there may have been 2 at times. There were also chancellor, overseer, and governors of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Towns had mayors. The bureaucracy was supported by taxes assessed in kind on yields (e.g., farm produce). Middle and lower class people were forced into labor which they could avoid only by paying someone else to do it. The pharaoh also gained wealth from mining and trade, which appears to have extended to the Aegean. Osiris, Death, and Religion In the Middle Kingdom, Osiris became the god of the necropolises. Pharaohs had participated in mystery rites for Osiris, but now [rivate individuals also took part in these rites. During this period, all people were thought to have the spiritual force or ba. Like the rites of Osiris, this had formerly been the province of kings. Shabtis were introduced. Mummies were given cartonnage masks. Coffin texts adorned the coffins of ordinary people. Female Pharaoh There was a female pharaoh in the 12th Dynasty, Sobekneferu/Neferusobek, daughter of Amenemhat III, and possibly half-sister of Amenemhet IV. Sobekneferu (or possibly Nitocris of the 6th Dynasty) was the first ruling queen of Egypt. Her rule of Upper and Lower Egypt, lasting 3 years, 10 months and 24 days, according to the Turin Canon, was the last one in the 12th Dynasty. Sources The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. by Ian Shaw. OUP 2000.Detlef Franke Middle Kingdom The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Ed. Donald B. Redford, OUP 2001

Business Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Decision Making - Essay Example Reason for colleting the primary and secondary data for the given business problem helps to reach the authentic decision to advice the clients in Spain, France and Italy. As the manager of the company, preparation of most suitable plan for primary and secondary data collection is very much necessary. â€Å"Data Collection helps your team to assess the health of your process. To do so, you must identify the key quality characteristics, you will measure, how you will measure them, and what you will do with the data you collect† (Module 7: Data Collection n.d. p. 1). Here I am working for the manager of a property company in UK and also at the same time our company deals with properties in other places like Spain, France and Italy. There are more than 100 clients, who are  interested in buying properties particularly in Spain. That’s the reason why, all these countries are frequently asking questions regarding the property. Taking in to the mind the respondents, it is th e best way to get the information appropriate. This enables to understand various revealed complexities. Primary Data:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Primary research method is one of the widely used methods to collect information from the respondents in order to make the proper decision regarding the sell or renting the property.   The primary methods are used to make the most appropriate decision and also to give advice to the overseas Questioners and survey. Primary research has been selected for the reason that primary research offers the creative information that is required for the function of the study and is primarily required for the study. It is prepared by gathering of primary information. Questionnaires Method:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Questionnaires method is one of methods used to gather information from the target customers to acquire the relevant information. A questionnaire is one of the well-built research apparatus and it encloses the various questions and some of the other suitable matters for the reason of gathering data's from clients. After the information collected from the questionnaire, next step is to study the information with the help tables and charts. The structuring of questionnaire is on the score base, which facilitates the respondent to take the appropriate decision. Majority of the questions in this are based on given situation. This supports the foreign countries to respond without doubt. The questionnaire is arranged in a simple way, which makes him to pursue the pattern in an easy way. Most of the questions are arranged in a simple way, to help the clients to follow the questions easily. Questionnaires consist of 10 main questions that will helps to make the most appropriate decision. The structuring of questionnaire should be cautiously designed in accordance to the preconditions of accuracy and relevance. Questionnaires are an appraisal method, which is very well-known to most educators. â€Å"Questionnaires, paper or elec tronic, consist of a set of questions or items that are designed for a selected group of people, such as teachers, administrators, parents, students, or others. Questionnaires vary in length, focus, and types of items, such as checklists, scaled items or open-ended questions and are particularly useful in gathering data from large groups of people about perceptions, attitudes, intended actions or application of learning† (Preparing to Collect Data n.d.).    Survey Method:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Surveys are one of the approaches used to gather the data's to investigate and make a proper idea regarding the business problem. It is the method that the majority of the organizations use to collect the clients view on given subject. â€Å"The Survey method is the technique of gathering data by asking questions to people, who are thought to have desired information. A formal

Impact of the Elimination of the Electoral College Essay

Impact of the Elimination of the Electoral College - Essay Example This system has, however, been criticized due to weighty reasons. The abolition of the Electoral College system of voting would be better for the electoral landscape. The first reason is that this system leads to gross inequality in the issuance of campaign resources (LeVert 74). Larger states receive more funding for campaigns. Secondly, it is also on record that smaller states are accorded more electoral votes. This gives the notion that some states are more politically important than others. The minority are given a louder electoral voice than the majority. Wyoming has 3 votes with a population of 532,668 citizens against 32 votes for Texas which has approximately 25 million people. Wyoming has an elector for every 177,556 people, while Texas has one for every 715449. This shows unequal representation. It is clear that a majority of the population may endorse a candidate, but the Electoral College system deprives the larger population of the ability to decide their leadership (Bur g 155). This system also advocates for the two-party system. This closes up democratic space, while dividing the country along red and blue lines (Burg 109). It is important to note that other political parties exist in the US, but are not given the support given to the Republican and Democratic parties, despite having positive ideals for the American people. Advocates for the electoral system have argued that this system spreads votes, preventing candidates from concentrating their campaigns in places with high population density.

Psychosocial Factor Depression Copd Health And Social Care Essay

Psychosocial Factor Depression Copd Health And Social Care Essay This supporting paper supports the presentation on the link between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the psychosocial factor depression. The supportive paper will explore, define and conclude areas of which may influence the health and well-being of patients with COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. The discussion of depression tools, guidelines, statistics and the long term use of oxygen therapy and care pathways will also be explored in this supporting paper (Cornforth, 2012 and NICE, 2009c). The supporting paper will explore COPD and depression as a separate condition and then link the impact of health and well-being. COPD is a collective term used for emphysema and bronchitis and is primarily smoking related as a consequence this leads to progressive airflow obstruction (Booker, 2003). The symptoms of COPD patients include a debilitating cough, dyspnea, excess sputum, chest tightness, fatigue and frequent chest infections. COPDs insidiously developing character means that patients often do not present these symptoms until consequential irreversible damage has happened (Britton, 2002). According to Vermiere (2002) when diagnosis is finally made healthcare professionals may chastise COPD patients for smoking, and causing a self inflicted disease. In turn not much constructive advice maybe given to help COPD patients to manage their condition and medication may not be prescribed in the mistaken belief that medication would not be beneficially (Vermiere, 2002). Healthcare p rofessionals may also unjustly chastise COPD patients, as COPD can also be caused by long term inhalation of asbestos, coal dust and pollution. The lack advice and medication given to patients with COPD may have enormous impact on a patients health and well being (Lee, 2008). According to the Department of Health the condition COPD causes nearly 25,000 deaths per year in England and Wales, and in the years 2007 until 2009 4.8% of deaths were caused by COPD being the fifth greatest killer in the United Kingdom (DH, 2011). Depression is the word used to refer to a variety of mood disorders, a collection of clinical conditions that differentiates the sense of loss and control and a subjective experience of momentous distress (Lazarou et al, 2011). Depression is a wide and heterogeneous diagnosis and can be presented in a variety of different ways. The psychological symptoms may include a continual low mood, feeling hopeless, feeling tearful, feeling irritable and anxious, having low self esteem, no motivation, self harm and suicidal thoughts and having no enjoyment out of life. The physical symptoms may include speaking or moving slowly, weight loss or gain, lack of energy, lack of interest in sexually activities, disturbed sleep and unexplained aches and pains. The social symptoms include decreased job related activities, social withdrawal from family and friends and neglecting hobbies and interest (NICE, 2009a and Elsherif and Noble, 2011). According to the National Institute for Health and Clinical E xcellence (2009b) the depression disorder is generally known as a psychological response in patients with COPD and it can be found in 20% of COPD patients. Healthcare professionals have a duty of care, therefore the recognition of depression in COPD is paramount (NICE, 2009a). Such tools have been developed to aid practitioners to diagnosis depression, for example the Health nine-item Questionnaire (PHQ9) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), these tools are used so that the patient can be considered to see if they require drug or psychological support (Cornforth, 2012). The use of the diagnosis tools in COPD patients reduces the potential risk of an acute exacerbation. According to Jennings et al (2009) patients with COPD who suffer from depression are at a higher risk of an acute exacerbation in turn this may lead to an admission to hospital. COPD and depression may also be linked with the continual occurrences of admissions, and the extended stay in hospital (Yohanne, 2010). Furthermore depression along with COPD may reduce the desire to recover and comply with medication and medical treatment, in turn this could lead to a delay in the patients discharge from hospital (DiMatteo et al, 2004).The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (World Health Organization, 2008a) and NICE guidelines (2009a) have highlighted the need for psychosocial factors such as depression to be diagnosis in COPD patients. The NICE care pathways are also available to help health care professionals identify, treat and manage depression in COPD patients (NICE, 2009c). The Department of Health defines health as A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (Department of Health 2010, P.7). The presence of COPD and the psychosocial depression factor is the major cause of morbidity, disability and mortality and this can have a physical, mental and social impact on patients lives (NICE, 2009b). Factors that may contribute to depression in COPD patients are weight loss, sleep deprivation and fitness levels. Weight loss is associated with COPD in particular the loss of fat as the disease progresses furthermore many patients lose weight as a consequence of decreased food intake as a result of dyspnea (Kelly 2007). In addition poor quality of sleep is frequent in COPD patients for numerous reasons. Firstly, coughing and excessive mucus may interrupt the onset of sleep, particularly since these symptoms may be worsened in the supine position. Breathlessness may also be worsened by the position and COPD patients may have numerous incidents of nocturnal dyspnea, which causes recurring awakenings (George and Bayliff, 2003). Finally COPD patients may avoid physical exercise or exc essive hard work due to the unpleasant symptoms of breathlessness, as a result the patients fitness levels may reduce and this may lead to muscle weakness which increases disability, dyspnea, loss of confidence and social isolation (Booker, 2005). According to Yohanne (2010) the chronic character of COPD and its related stigma can also lead to social isolation. COPD patients with chronic hypoxaemia rely on long term oxygen therapy (LTOT) to increase their survival rate. However the psychological effects it has on patients daily living are somewhat restricted in their capability to participate in indoor and outdoor activities, resulting in the patient suffering from depressive symptoms. Patients with chronic hypoxaemia who rely on LTOT for survival suffer from a diminishing quality of life and are susceptible to emotional lability, loneliness and social isolation in turn this may lead to clinical depression (Yohannes, 2010). The Department of Health defines wellbeing as A positive state of mind and body, feeling safe and able to cope, with a sense of connection with people, communities and the wider environment (Department of Health 2010, P.7) COPD and the psychosocial factor depression can not only affect every aspect of a sufferers life but it can have enormous impact on the sufferers family lives. The ability to cope with the loss of an active role in their family and society and the loss of intimacy and functional impairment is considered a burden to a patients state of mind (Gray et al, 2009).The British Lung Foundation (2005) carried out a survey regarding COPD patients daily activities, and the findings were 90% of patients with severe COPD were unable to do their gardening, 66% were unable to go on holiday and 33% had disabling breathlessness all factors that increase depressive symptoms. Patients with COPD who suffer from a disability can eventually become reliant on others to carry out every aspect of daily living this may include personal hygiene and grooming, functional transfers, eating and drinking, medicine management, bowel and bladder management and managing money as a result this can have a enormous impac t on a patients mental well being in turn this may result in clinical depression (Mooney and OBrien 2006 and Gray et al 2009). A patients state of mind and the ability to cope with COPD may cause the patient to experience negative thoughts and feelings such as feeling guilty, loss of independence, low self esteem and a sense of worthlessness they frequently criticise themselves for lacking in confidence, feeling irritable, impatient and frustrated all the factors may contribute to clinical depression. In some circumstances patients with depression and COPD may cause injury to themselves, experience suicidal thoughts and in extreme circumstances may attempt suicide (NICE 2009a and Gray et al 2009). This supporting paper has supported the presentation on the link between COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. The supportive paper has explored, defined and concluded areas of which influence the health and well-being of patients with COPD and the psychosocial depression factor. To conclude the main focal points, COPD is the fifth greatest killer in the United Kingdom and as a mortality rate of 25,000 per year (DH, 2011). Twenty percent of patients with COPD suffer from depression with extreme symptoms of self harm and suicide (NICE 2009a, NICE 2009b and Gray et al 2009). The symptoms of both COPD and depression have been emphasised to highlight the need for diagnosis tools, guidelines and care pathways. The main importance of this paper is the physical, mental, social, state of mind and ability to cope with COPD and depression and the impact it has on the patients lives (Cornforth 2012 and NICE 2009c). Word count 1374 References/References in text and headings and quotes 699 Total word count 2073

Influence of Stereotypes in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay e

Introduction Section One: Harper Lee’s Life Section Two: Time Period Influences on Lee’s Writing Section Three: Influence of Stereotypes Section Four: To Kill a Mockingbird Reviews Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Which doll is better? In the 1950s, psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark asked black children between three and seven to answer this simple, yet revealing question. The kids were shown four dolls that were exactly the same except for their skin colors. Almost three quarters of the children chose the white doll as being superior and attributed positive characteristics to it. When asked why they picked it, they replied with, â€Å"Because it’s white† (Abagond). Almost half a century later, in 2005, Kiri Davis repeated the test to see if psychology has changed in any way. Results show 71% of the children preferring the white doll (Edne). These tests demonstrate the incredible stereotypical beliefs still present today. The belief that there is only one acceptable perception to anything is ingrained into society’s minds, and limits individuals from thinking for themselves. Author Harper Lee explores this topic as she displays to readers prevalent stereotypes and thei r effects in her novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Section One: Harper Lee’s Life Harper Lee was born April 28th, 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama. Lee’s father, Amasa Coleman (A.C.) Lee, was a former newspaper editor who served as a state senator and lawyer. Due to his occupations, A.C. had a tremendous influence on her writing. Not only is A.C. a writer just like Lee; but, the main character in Lee’s novel, Scout Finches’, father, Atticus, also practices law. Atticus defends a black man accused of raping a white woman who is found guilty and murdered. Simil... ...ompany, 1960. McLeod, Saul. "Asch Experiment." SimplyPsychology. N.p., 2008. Web. 04 Feb. 2014. . Pauli, Michelle. "Harper Lee Tops Librarians' Must-read List." Theguardian.com. Guardian News and Media, 02 Mar. 2006. Web. 05 Feb. 2014. "POLL FINDS WHITES USE STEREOTYPES." The New York Times. The New York Times, 10 Jan. 1991. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. . "The Scottsboro Case | The Nation." The Scottsboro Case | The Nation. N.p., 31 Aug. 2010. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. . Shmoop Editorial Team. "Harper Lee: Childhood." Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 08 Feb. 2014. . Teen Help Blog." Teen Help Blog. N.p., 28 Dec. 2011. Web. 19 Feb. 2014.

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States) In the U. S. , generally accepted accounting principles, commonly abbreviated as US GAAP or simply GAAP, are accounting rules used to prepare, present, and report financial statements for a wide variety of entities, including publicly-traded and privately-held companies, non-profit organizations, and governments. Generally GAAP includes local applicable Accounting Framework, related accounting law, rules and Accounting Standard.Similar to many other countries practicing under the common law system, the United States government does not directly set accounting standards, in the belief that the private sector has better knowledge and resources. US GAAP is not written in law, although the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that it be followed in financial reporting by publicly-traded companies. Currently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the highest authority in establishing generally accepte d accounting principles for public and private companies, as well as non-profit entities.For local and state governments, GAAP is determined by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which operates under a set of assumptions, principles, and constraints, different from those of standard private-sector GAAP. Financial reporting in federal government entities is regulated by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). The US GAAP provisions differ somewhat from International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), though former SEC Chairman Chris Cox set out a timetable for all U. S. ompanies to drop GAAP by 2016, with the largest companies switching to IFRS as early as 2009 Basic objectives Financial reporting should provide information that is: †¢useful to present to potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and other financial decisions. †¢helpful to present to potential investors and creditors and oth er users in assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of prospective cash receipts. †¢about economic resources, the claims to those resources, and the changes in them. [edit] Basic conceptsTo achieve basic objectives and implement fundamental qualities GAAP has four basic assumptions, four basic principles, and four basic constraints. [edit] Assumptions †¢Accounting Entity: assumes that the business is separate from its owners or other businesses. Revenue and expense should be kept separate from personal expenses. †¢Going Concern: assumes that the business will be in operation indefinitely. This validates the methods of asset capitalization, depreciation, and amortization. Only when liquidation is certain this assumption is not applicable. †¢Monetary Unit principle: assumes a stable currency is going to be the unit of record.The FASB accepts the nominal value of the US Dollar as the monetary unit of record unadjusted for inflation. †¢The Time-period pri nciple implies that the economic activities of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods. [edit] Principles †¢Cost principle requires companies to account and report based on acquisition costs rather than fair market value for most assets and liabilities. This principle provides information that is reliable (removing opportunity to provide subjective and potentially biased market values), but not very relevant.Thus there is a trend to use fair values. Most debts and securities are now reported at market values. †¢Revenue principle requires companies to record when revenue is (1) realized or realizable and (2) earned, not when cash is received. This way of accounting is called accrual basis accounting. †¢Matching principle. Expenses have to be matched with revenues as long as it is reasonable to do so. Expenses are recognized not when the work is performed, or when a product is produced, but when the work or the product actually makes its contribution t o revenue.Only if no connection with revenue can be established, cost may be charged as expenses to the current period (e. g. office salaries and other administrative expenses). This principle allows greater evaluation of actual profitability and performance (shows how much was spent to earn revenue). Depreciation and Cost of Goods Sold are good examples of application of this principle. †¢Disclosure principle. Amount and kinds of information disclosed should be decided based on trade-off analysis as a larger amount of information costs more to prepare and use.Information disclosed should be enough to make a judgment while keeping costs reasonable. Information is presented in the main body of financial statements, in the notes or as supplementary information [edit] Constraints †¢Objectivity principle: the company financial statements provided by the accountants should be based on objective evidence. †¢Materiality principle: the significance of an item should be consid ered when it is reported. An item is considered significant when it would affect the decision of a reasonable individual. Consistency principle: It means that the company uses the same accounting principles and methods from year to year. †¢Prudence principle: when choosing between two solutions, the one that will be least likely to overstate assets and income should be picked (see convention of conservatism). Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (UK) The Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the UK, or UK GAAP, are the overall body of regulation establishing how company accounts must be prepared in the United Kingdom. This includes not only accounting standards, but also UK company law.What is referred to elsewhere as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles is in the UK referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. [edit] History Accounting standards derive from a number of sources. The chief standard-setter is the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), which issue s standards called Financial Reporting Standards (FRS). The ASB is part of the Financial Reporting Council, an independent regulator funded by a levy on listed companies[1], and it replaced the Accounting Standards Committee (ASC), which was disbanded in 1990 following a number of criticisms of its work.To the extent that the ASC's pronouncements, known as Statements of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAPs), have not been replaced by FRS, they remain in force. [edit] Creation/Revision of Standards The ASB has a formal exposure process for proposed standards. Early concepts are issued as Discussion Papers. These are released to the public and comments invited. Where a new standard is to be proposed, a Financial Reporting Exposure Draft (FRED) is released for comment. The standard in final form is only issued when comments have been incorporated or addressed.This aims to address the criticisms levelled at the ASC, whose comment process was less rigorous. Issues that require an immediat e solution are considered by the Urgent Issues Task Force (UITF). The UITF comprises a number of senior figures from industry and accounting firms. It meets as necessary to consider pressing issues and issues Abstracts which become binding immediately. [edit] Legislation The principal legislation governing reporting in the UK is laid down in the Companies Act 2006, which incorporates the requirements of European law.The Companies Act sets out certain minimum reporting requirements for companies and, for example, requires limited companies to file their accounts with the Registrar of Companies who makes them available to the general public. From 2005, this framework changed as a result of European law requiring that all listed European companies report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). In the UK, companies which are not listed have the option to report either under IFRSs or under UK GAAP[2].Recently issued UK FRSs have, in any case replicated the wording of c orresponding IFRSs, reducing the differences between the two sets of standards significantly. China Accounting Standards From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Chinese Accounting Standards) Jump to: navigation, search Chinese accounting standards are the accounting rules used in Chinese state owned corporations in mainland China. They are currently being phased out in favour of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Accounting Standards.As of February 2010, the Chinese Accounting Standard Systems is composed of Basic Standard, 38 specific standards and Application Guidance. Chinese accounting standards are unique because they originated in a socialist period in which the state was the sole owner of industry. Therefore unlike Western accounting standards, they are less a tool of profit and loss and an inventory of assets available to a company. In contrast to a Western balance sheet, Chinese accounting standards do not include an accounting of the d ebts that a corporation holds, and are less suitable for management control than for accounting for tax purposes.This system of accounting is widely considered to be unsuitable for managing corporations in a market economy. As a result, Chinese corporations are gradually moving toward International Financial Reporting Standards. This has proven to be a massive undertaking. As a consequence Chinese companies who offer shares for sale in the United States used to be required to prepare three sets of statements, one using Chinese accounting standards (China GAAP), one using international standards (IFRS), and one using North American GAAP standards (US GAAP).However, since 2008 the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows foreign private issuers to use financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. [1] However, in recent years, The Finance Department of Chinese Government has issued new Chinese Accounting Standards which converge into IFRS and the similarity is alm ost 90-95%. The translation cost has been reduced greatly because of this measure Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States) In the U. S. , generally accepted accounting principles, commonly abbreviated as US GAAP or simply GAAP, are accounting rules used to prepare, present, and report financial statements for a wide variety of entities, including publicly-traded and privately-held companies, non-profit organizations, and governments. Generally GAAP includes local applicable Accounting Framework, related accounting law, rules and Accounting Standard.Similar to many other countries practicing under the common law system, the United States government does not directly set accounting standards, in the belief that the private sector has better knowledge and resources. US GAAP is not written in law, although the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that it be followed in financial reporting by publicly-traded companies. Currently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the highest authority in establishing generally accepte d accounting principles for public and private companies, as well as non-profit entities.For local and state governments, GAAP is determined by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which operates under a set of assumptions, principles, and constraints, different from those of standard private-sector GAAP. Financial reporting in federal government entities is regulated by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). The US GAAP provisions differ somewhat from International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), though former SEC Chairman Chris Cox set out a timetable for all U. S. ompanies to drop GAAP by 2016, with the largest companies switching to IFRS as early as 2009 Basic objectives Financial reporting should provide information that is: †¢useful to present to potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and other financial decisions. †¢helpful to present to potential investors and creditors and oth er users in assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of prospective cash receipts. †¢about economic resources, the claims to those resources, and the changes in them. [edit] Basic conceptsTo achieve basic objectives and implement fundamental qualities GAAP has four basic assumptions, four basic principles, and four basic constraints. [edit] Assumptions †¢Accounting Entity: assumes that the business is separate from its owners or other businesses. Revenue and expense should be kept separate from personal expenses. †¢Going Concern: assumes that the business will be in operation indefinitely. This validates the methods of asset capitalization, depreciation, and amortization. Only when liquidation is certain this assumption is not applicable. †¢Monetary Unit principle: assumes a stable currency is going to be the unit of record.The FASB accepts the nominal value of the US Dollar as the monetary unit of record unadjusted for inflation. †¢The Time-period pri nciple implies that the economic activities of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods. [edit] Principles †¢Cost principle requires companies to account and report based on acquisition costs rather than fair market value for most assets and liabilities. This principle provides information that is reliable (removing opportunity to provide subjective and potentially biased market values), but not very relevant.Thus there is a trend to use fair values. Most debts and securities are now reported at market values. †¢Revenue principle requires companies to record when revenue is (1) realized or realizable and (2) earned, not when cash is received. This way of accounting is called accrual basis accounting. †¢Matching principle. Expenses have to be matched with revenues as long as it is reasonable to do so. Expenses are recognized not when the work is performed, or when a product is produced, but when the work or the product actually makes its contribution t o revenue.Only if no connection with revenue can be established, cost may be charged as expenses to the current period (e. g. office salaries and other administrative expenses). This principle allows greater evaluation of actual profitability and performance (shows how much was spent to earn revenue). Depreciation and Cost of Goods Sold are good examples of application of this principle. †¢Disclosure principle. Amount and kinds of information disclosed should be decided based on trade-off analysis as a larger amount of information costs more to prepare and use.Information disclosed should be enough to make a judgment while keeping costs reasonable. Information is presented in the main body of financial statements, in the notes or as supplementary information [edit] Constraints †¢Objectivity principle: the company financial statements provided by the accountants should be based on objective evidence. †¢Materiality principle: the significance of an item should be consid ered when it is reported. An item is considered significant when it would affect the decision of a reasonable individual. Consistency principle: It means that the company uses the same accounting principles and methods from year to year. †¢Prudence principle: when choosing between two solutions, the one that will be least likely to overstate assets and income should be picked (see convention of conservatism). Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (UK) The Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the UK, or UK GAAP, are the overall body of regulation establishing how company accounts must be prepared in the United Kingdom. This includes not only accounting standards, but also UK company law.What is referred to elsewhere as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles is in the UK referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. [edit] History Accounting standards derive from a number of sources. The chief standard-setter is the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), which issue s standards called Financial Reporting Standards (FRS). The ASB is part of the Financial Reporting Council, an independent regulator funded by a levy on listed companies[1], and it replaced the Accounting Standards Committee (ASC), which was disbanded in 1990 following a number of criticisms of its work.To the extent that the ASC's pronouncements, known as Statements of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAPs), have not been replaced by FRS, they remain in force. [edit] Creation/Revision of Standards The ASB has a formal exposure process for proposed standards. Early concepts are issued as Discussion Papers. These are released to the public and comments invited. Where a new standard is to be proposed, a Financial Reporting Exposure Draft (FRED) is released for comment. The standard in final form is only issued when comments have been incorporated or addressed.This aims to address the criticisms levelled at the ASC, whose comment process was less rigorous. Issues that require an immediat e solution are considered by the Urgent Issues Task Force (UITF). The UITF comprises a number of senior figures from industry and accounting firms. It meets as necessary to consider pressing issues and issues Abstracts which become binding immediately. [edit] Legislation The principal legislation governing reporting in the UK is laid down in the Companies Act 2006, which incorporates the requirements of European law.The Companies Act sets out certain minimum reporting requirements for companies and, for example, requires limited companies to file their accounts with the Registrar of Companies who makes them available to the general public. From 2005, this framework changed as a result of European law requiring that all listed European companies report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). In the UK, companies which are not listed have the option to report either under IFRSs or under UK GAAP[2].Recently issued UK FRSs have, in any case replicated the wording of c orresponding IFRSs, reducing the differences between the two sets of standards significantly. China Accounting Standards From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Chinese Accounting Standards) Jump to: navigation, search Chinese accounting standards are the accounting rules used in Chinese state owned corporations in mainland China. They are currently being phased out in favour of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Accounting Standards.As of February 2010, the Chinese Accounting Standard Systems is composed of Basic Standard, 38 specific standards and Application Guidance. Chinese accounting standards are unique because they originated in a socialist period in which the state was the sole owner of industry. Therefore unlike Western accounting standards, they are less a tool of profit and loss and an inventory of assets available to a company. In contrast to a Western balance sheet, Chinese accounting standards do not include an accounting of the d ebts that a corporation holds, and are less suitable for management control than for accounting for tax purposes.This system of accounting is widely considered to be unsuitable for managing corporations in a market economy. As a result, Chinese corporations are gradually moving toward International Financial Reporting Standards. This has proven to be a massive undertaking. As a consequence Chinese companies who offer shares for sale in the United States used to be required to prepare three sets of statements, one using Chinese accounting standards (China GAAP), one using international standards (IFRS), and one using North American GAAP standards (US GAAP).However, since 2008 the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows foreign private issuers to use financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. [1] However, in recent years, The Finance Department of Chinese Government has issued new Chinese Accounting Standards which converge into IFRS and the similarity is alm ost 90-95%. The translation cost has been reduced greatly because of this measure Generally Accepted Accounting Principles A corporation must use the same depreciation method for tax and financial reporting purposes. Must use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting may use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting must use different (than for tax purposes), but strictly mandated, depreciation methods for financial reporting purposes. 1 points Question 2 1 . Allocation of the historic costs of fixed assets against the annual revenue they generate is called net profits. Gross profits. Depreciation. Amortization. 1 points Question 3 1 .Given the financial manager's preference for faster receipt of cash flows, a longer depreciable life is preferred to a shorter one. A shorter depreciable life is preferred to a longer one. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because depreciation is a non-cash expense. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because once purchased, depreciation is considered a sunk cost. 1 points Question 4 1 . The Modif ied Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACROS) is a depreciation method used for tax financial reporting managerial cost accounting Question 5 .The depreciable life of an asset is of concern to the financial manager. In general, a longer depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt Of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because management can then purchase new assets, as the old assets are written off. A longer depreciable life is preferred, because management can postpone purchasing new assets, since the Old assets still have a useful life. 1 points Question 6 1 . A corporation sold a fixed asset for $100,000.This is an investment cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a use of funds. An investment cash flow and a use of funds. Question 7 1 . A corporation raises $500,000 in long-term debt to acquire additional plant capacity. This is considered an investment cash flow. A financing cash flow. A financing cash flow and investment cash flow, respectively. A financing cash flow and operating cash flow, respectively. 1 points Question 8 1 . A firm's operating cash flow (SCOFF) is defined as Ross profit minus operating expenses. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Introduction The purpose of this report is to identify the items that may result in adjusting entries for both prepayments and accrual by looking at the trial balance and Income statement. Furthermore, analyzing the historical summary of financial Is to know the trend for profit or loss of the company assets.Fundamental First of all, why we have to make BAD? Balance day adjustments are therefore required to ensure the financial statements portray a correct picture on the firm's financial performance and financial position. We have to recognize all transaction occurring in that accounting period, irrespective of whether cash has been received or paid. The ultimate objective of adjusting entries Is to ensure that the revenues (income) earned In the accounting period are matched by all costs Incurred for that name accounting period (Monish College, 2011).Prepayment There are two types of adjusting entries, prepayments and accruals. Prepayment is a payment in advance of the period to whi ch it pertains. What this mean is, this category of adjustments aligns recorded revenues (income) and costs with appropriate accounting periods. For example, there are situations where cash Is received before goods and services are provided to customers or situations where cash has been paid In advance for costs of operation and which relate to future counting periods.Prepayments divided into two sections, which are prepaid expenses and unearned revenue. Prepaid expenses is type of assets that shown on a balance sheet as a result of business payments for goods and services to be received in the near future. While prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets, their value Is expensed over time as the benefit Is receive something of value in the near future. Prepayments often occur In regard to Insurance, supplies, advertising, and rent. Earned revenue is also known as prepaid revenue. It means payment, which is received in advance of providing a good or service. Since an obligati on exists on the part of the company to provide goods or services for which the advance payment was received, unearned revenue is a liability. An example is a retainer received by an attorney. When the services are performed, revenue is the earned. Another examples are pre-booked airline ticket, rent received In advance and magazine subscription Generally Accepted Accounting Principles A corporation must use the same depreciation method for tax and financial reporting purposes. Must use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting may use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting must use different (than for tax purposes), but strictly mandated, depreciation methods for financial reporting purposes. 1 points Question 2 1 . Allocation of the historic costs of fixed assets against the annual revenue they generate is called net profits. Gross profits. Depreciation. Amortization. 1 points Question 3 1 .Given the financial manager's preference for faster receipt of cash flows, a longer depreciable life is preferred to a shorter one. A shorter depreciable life is preferred to a longer one. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because depreciation is a non-cash expense. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because once purchased, depreciation is considered a sunk cost. 1 points Question 4 1 . The Modif ied Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACROS) is a depreciation method used for tax financial reporting managerial cost accounting Question 5 .The depreciable life of an asset is of concern to the financial manager. In general, a longer depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt Of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because management can then purchase new assets, as the old assets are written off. A longer depreciable life is preferred, because management can postpone purchasing new assets, since the Old assets still have a useful life. 1 points Question 6 1 . A corporation sold a fixed asset for $100,000.This is an investment cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a use of funds. An investment cash flow and a use of funds. Question 7 1 . A corporation raises $500,000 in long-term debt to acquire additional plant capacity. This is considered an investment cash flow. A financing cash flow. A financing cash flow and investment cash flow, respectively. A financing cash flow and operating cash flow, respectively. 1 points Question 8 1 . A firm's operating cash flow (SCOFF) is defined as Ross profit minus operating expenses. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Introduction The purpose of this report is to identify the items that may result in adjusting entries for both prepayments and accrual by looking at the trial balance and Income statement. Furthermore, analyzing the historical summary of financial Is to know the trend for profit or loss of the company assets.Fundamental First of all, why we have to make BAD? Balance day adjustments are therefore required to ensure the financial statements portray a correct picture on the firm's financial performance and financial position. We have to recognize all transaction occurring in that accounting period, irrespective of whether cash has been received or paid. The ultimate objective of adjusting entries Is to ensure that the revenues (income) earned In the accounting period are matched by all costs Incurred for that name accounting period (Monish College, 2011).Prepayment There are two types of adjusting entries, prepayments and accruals. Prepayment is a payment in advance of the period to whi ch it pertains. What this mean is, this category of adjustments aligns recorded revenues (income) and costs with appropriate accounting periods. For example, there are situations where cash Is received before goods and services are provided to customers or situations where cash has been paid In advance for costs of operation and which relate to future counting periods.Prepayments divided into two sections, which are prepaid expenses and unearned revenue. Prepaid expenses is type of assets that shown on a balance sheet as a result of business payments for goods and services to be received in the near future. While prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets, their value Is expensed over time as the benefit Is receive something of value in the near future. Prepayments often occur In regard to Insurance, supplies, advertising, and rent. Earned revenue is also known as prepaid revenue. It means payment, which is received in advance of providing a good or service. Since an obligati on exists on the part of the company to provide goods or services for which the advance payment was received, unearned revenue is a liability. An example is a retainer received by an attorney. When the services are performed, revenue is the earned. Another examples are pre-booked airline ticket, rent received In advance and magazine subscription

Imagery in Othello - 1781 Words

The function of imagery in the mid-sixteenth century play Othello by William Shakespeare is to aid characterisation and define meaning in the play. The antagonist Iago is defined through many different images, Some being the use of poison and soporifics, sleeping agents, to show his true evil and sadistic nature. Othellos character is also shaped by much imagery such as the animalistic, black and white, and horse images which indicates his lustful, sexual nature. Characterisation of women is heavily dictated by imagery used to show the patriarchal gender system of the time. Some of this imagery is that of hobbyhorses and the like showing that they, Desdemona and Emelia, were nothing better than common whores. Othellos view at the start†¦show more content†¦Female characters in the play Othello are also determined to a degree by images. Women are not treated with any great deal of respect throughout the play because of the phallocentric society of the time and this shows thr ough the imagery portrayed of women throughout the play. Prostitute imagery plays a heavy part in depicting women through the play with women being called many terms such as Hobby-horse(s), Minx(s) and Minion(s). Desdemona, Emelia and Bianca are all termed some of these names throughout the length of the play. Through the disregard for the emotions and feelings of women by men in the play we can see how it agreed with the patriarchal views on women of its contemporary audience. Women throughout the play are treated as objects by there male counterparts. This is evident through the death of all but one woman, Bianca. They die because of mens need to have them as a possession that they can control and if they cant control them what use to them are they. Iago takes his revenge out on Emelia, his wife and property by killing her even as she speaks. This imagery of the silence and what it represents is that women should be silent no matter what, because if the silence is not kept it may be the end as was the case for Emelia. The image that leads to the demise of Desdemona is that of the strawberryShow MoreRelatedUse of Imagery in Othello1555 Words   |  7 Pagescreate pictures through his words. A great author can create the same imagery for centuries to come. The function of imagery in the mid-sixteenth century play Othello by William Shakespeare is to add characterization and eventually define meaning in the play. The antagonist Iago is defined through various images, some being the use of poison and sleeping aids, to show his true evil nature. Othello’s character is also shaped by imagery such as the black and white, animalistic, and horse images, whichRead MoreEssay on The Imagery of Othello2452 Words   |  10 PagesThe Imagery of Othello Talks  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In the tragedy Othello the Bard of Avon uses imagery to talk between the lines, to set moods, to create a more dramatic impact on the mind of the audience, and for other reasons. Let’s consider imagery in this essay.    A surprising, zoo-like variety of animal injury occur throughout the play. Kenneth Muir, in the Introduction to William Shakespeare: Othello,   explains the conversion of Othello through his increased use of animal imagery:    Read More Imagery in Othello Essay example1271 Words   |  6 PagesImagery in Othello  Ã‚         The vast array of natural imagery in Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello dazzles the audience’s minds. Let us survey in this essay the varieties of imagery referred to by the playwright.    The vulgar imagery of Othello’s ancient dominates the opening of the play. Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† describes the types of imagery used by the antagonist when he â€Å"slips his mask aside† while awakening Brabantio:    Iago is letting loose theRead More The Use Of Animal Imagery In Othello Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pages In William Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello† the use of animal imagery was evident throughout the telling of the story. Shakespeare explained several characters actions by comparing them to similarities in animals. The characters in â€Å"Othello† were often depicted as having animal-like characteristics. Some characters were even compared to animals by other characters in the play. By defining characters in terms of these characteristics one can get a clear description of what the character isRead MoreExploring How the Symbolism and Imagery of Blackness Help Shakespeare to Create Meaning in Othello795 Words   |  4 PagesExploring How the Symbolism and Imagery of Blackness Help Shakespeare to Create Meaning in Othello Shakespeare uses various symbol of blackness to express negative and racist attitudes. He does this to meet the expectations of the Elizabethan audience, who held certain misconceptions about black people. Shakespeare uses this early in the play and involves characters such as Brabantio, Iago and Roderigo, this also assist in the construction of imagery. These racist remarks areRead MoreThe Development of the Character of Othello as Shown by his Use of Language and Imagery in William Shakespeares Play2263 Words   |  10 PagesThe Development of the Character of Othello as Shown by his Use of Language and Imagery in William Shakespeares Play During the course of the play Othellos character goes through a series of changes, but ends up almost the same as when the play started, calm and in control. This change in Othellos character is like a rollercoaster; he starts off calm, collected and in control, and then quickly progresses to losing control and allowing jealousy to take him over. HoweverRead MoreTheme Of Black And White In Othello1072 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s tragic play Othello is a tale of power, love, and deception. However, racial prejudice is also a critical component in the play’s larger assertations, and the abundance of black and white imagery throughout it suggests that white is synonymous with good and that black is synonymous with evil. As such, this imagery is vital to the play’s overriding paradox, which is that Othello â€Å"is far more fair than black† (Shakespeare 1.3.285). To clarify, Shakespeare portrays Othello as inherently ‘good’Read MoreIago : The Rhetorician Conspirator1680 Words   |  7 PagesDavin Truong Professor Bains English Writing 301 11/13/14 Iago: The Rhetorician Conspirator In William Shakespeare’s Othello, the antagonist Iago is arguably the most heinous villain in all of literature. His ability to shape shift in and out of character is what makes him unique. His tactics are similar to that of a cold blooded chameleon. Iago’s art of persuasion, his mastery of rhetoric as well as his ability to sense his victims’ insecurities and weaknesses, is what makes him so diabolicallyRead More Free Othello Essay: The Disintegration of Othello590 Words   |  3 PagesDisintegration of Othello nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Shakespeares Othello is a play with unique characters. One such character is the one for which Shakespeare names his play. In the play, Othello disintegrates from a confident leader to a homicidal murderer. Linguistic changes throughout the play attest to this theory. nbsp; In the opening scenes, Shakespeare portrays Othello as a noble character. When Brabantio seeks vengeance (for stealing his daughter) on Othello, Othello expresses his actionsRead MoreIago, By William Shakespeare1669 Words   |  7 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s Othello, the antagonist Iago is arguably the most heinous villain in all of literature. His ability to shape shift in and out of character is what makes him unique. His tactics are similar to that of a cold blooded chameleon. Iago’s art of persuasion, his mastery of rhetoric as well as his ability to sense his victims’ insecurities and weaknesses, is what makes him so diabolically ruthless. Throughout the play, one can truly see the power of words and their delivery,